Pre-war (2013-2021), Ukraine demonstrated consistent crime reduction, reaching a historic low of 321443 registered crimes in 2021, with approximately 50-54% suspect identification rates. The full-scale invasion immediately disrupted this trajectory. By 2025, registered crimes surged to 608191 – an 89% increase from 2021 – while suspect identification plummeted to 27,3%, creating an unprecedented justice gap with over 442000 criminal proceedings lacking identified suspects.

The war fundamentally transformed crime patterns. Criminality became significantly more rural, with rural crime increasing from 20% (2013-2021) to 32,3% (2025) of total crimes. The urban-to-rural crime ratio declined from 4:1 to barely 2:1, reflecting occupation-related crimes, abandoned property theft, and frontline zone criminality.

Crime categories showed varied impacts: property crimes initially decreased but fraud increased dramatically (from 23847 in 2021 to 82609 in 2023). Domestic violence crimes surged (from 4800 in 2021 to 8900 in 2024). War crimes exploded from 253 in 2021 to 62128 in 2022. Intentional homicides with firearms peaked at 909 in 2023 – 25 times the 2021 baseline. Paradoxically, despite weapon proliferation, some firearms crimes showed complex patterns rather than simple increases.

Human trafficking statistics revealed troubling gaps: despite 6,5 million refugees creating unprecedented vulnerability, registered cases remained low (105 in 2024), suggesting severe underreporting and possible law enforcement complicity.

The study demonstrates that while Ukraine maintained statistical transparency during existential crisis, institutional effectiveness collapsed under wartime pressures, creating dangerous impunity that threatens post-war reconstruction and rule of law.

This is the first comprehensive study analysing the impact of Russian aggression on criminal justice, crime, and trust in law enforcement agencies in Ukraine. A team of domestic and foreign experts examines critical issues of the functioning of the state and society in a state of martial law.

The publication will make an important contribution to understanding the transformations of the social control system during full-scale war and will help form the basis for post-conflict reforms.

Download the Monograph

Call for Papers

Wartime Crisis Mode: Crime, Justice and Social Control in Armed Conflicts in Europe

Edited by Dr. Dmytro Yagunov, Prof. Dr. Rita Haverkamp and Dr. Tetiana Melnychuk

Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen

Endowed Professorship of Crime Prevention and Risk Management

Supported by the Philipp Schwartz Initiative of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

About the Volume

Contemporary armed conflicts reshape legal systems, erode institutional trust, and fuel unprecedented criminal activity, making the criminological dimensions of warfare even more essential.

Building on the 2025 edition «Wartime Crisis Mode: The Impact of Russia’s Aggression on the System of Social Control in Ukraine (Crime, Institutes, and Trust in Criminal Justice)», this expanded volume brings together scholars and practitioners to analyse how contemporary war reconfigures legal norms, disrupts judiciary and law enforcement, and creates new condition for criminal activity.

This edited volume examines how armed conflicts impact criminal justice systems across multiple dimensions. It analyses the ways warfare destabilises economies, fractures political institutions, and erodes public trust in police, courts, prisons, and other core elements of national criminal justice systems.

While the main focus centers on Russian military action against Ukraine, this edition also welcomes academic submissions that analytically explore the broader ramifications of emerging security threats.

Topical Areas

We invite contributions addressing the following themes and related topics:

1. Theoretical Foundations of Studying Crime and Justice in Armed Conflict

• Defining the discipline: core principles and scope of criminology in armed conflicts.
• Conceptual frameworks: theories and models for analysing wartime criminality.
• Research methodologies: approaches for studying crime and justice in conflict zones.
• Comparative perspectives: criminal justice systems under wartime conditions.

2. Human Rights at War

• Human rights challenges and derogations during armed conflicts.
• Civilian protections and violations under international humanitarian law.
• Accountability mechanisms for human rights violations.
• Wartime related case law of international courts and tribunals.
• Protection of the rights of prisoners of war.

3. Impact of War on Crime

• War’s effects on crime: trends and patterns.
• War crimes and crimes against national security.
• Cross-border crimes and illicit markets (human trafficking, trafficking of arms and drugs).
• Violent crimes and gender-based violence during armed conflicts.
• Property crimes: extortion, bribery, and fraud.
• Mobilisation crimes and draft evasion.
• Environmental crimes in war zones.
• Cybercrime and information warfare.
• Use of artificial intelligence during conflicts.

4. Organised Crime and Gangs

• Organised crime networks during wartime.
• Criminal-conflict nexus: how armed conflicts create new opportunities for organised crime and how organised crime fuels the conflict.
• Street gangs and prison gangs in conflict-affected regions.
• Private military companies in armed conflicts: criminal threat assessment.

5. Torture Practices and War’s Impact on Vulnerable Groups

• Criminological aspects of wartime victimisation.
• Torture as a public policy in the 21st century.
• Gender-based and sexual violence.
• The criminology of genocide.

6. Criminal Justice Systems Under Siege

• Policing and prosecution in wartime: evolution and ethical dilemmas.
• Judicial systems in armed conflict: adaptation, continuity, and legitimacy.
• Prisons and probation under pressure: security, rehabilitation, and humanitarian concerns.

7. Society Under Strain: Cultural and Social Consequences of Conflict

• Fragile foundations: trust, heritage, and vulnerable lives.
• Beyond the battlefield: governance and social cohesion in crisis.
• Echoes across generations: trauma and long-term societal change.
• Preserving identity amid chaos: cultural heritage and human resilience.

8. Imperialism in the 21st Century: Continuities and Transformations

• 21st century imperialism: multiple manifestations.
• The Neo-imperial mindset: Ideology of Russian expansionism.
• Russia’s global ambitions: Historical roots and modern projections.
• The Ukrainian pattern: anatomy of Russian aggression.
• The prison state within: How criminal and prison culture shapes Russian governance.
• Governing through fear: The political architecture of Russia’s carceral system.
• Empire’s endgame: between collapse, evolution, and survival.

Submission Guidelines

We Welcome:

• Original empirical research (quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods).
• Theoretical and conceptual papers.
• Case studies and comparative analyses.
• Interdisciplinary approaches drawing from criminology, constitutional law, criminal law, sociology, political science, psychology, and related fields.
• Perspectives from both scholars and practitioners.

Abstracts Requirements

• Language: English
• Abstract: 500 words
• Keywords: 5-7 keywords
• Author information: Brief bio (100 words) and institutional affiliation

Manuscripts Requirements

• Language: English
• Length: 7,000-9,000 words (including references)
• Once a manuscript has been accepted following peer review.
• Editors reserve the right to reject abstracts and manuscripts if they do not meet the requirements in terms of subject matter, quality or scientific validity.

Edition

• The authors assume full responsibility for the manuscripts provided.
• The authors assume full responsibility for the accuracy of data and the validity of content.

Citations and References

• Citations in the text and Bibliography references must meet the requirements of the APA-Style.

• References to the literature are made in the text of the paper in brackets and consist of the author’s surname, year of publication with corresponding pages.

• References at the end of the article should be Latinised.

• When making bibliographic references to Cyrillic (including Ukrainian and Russian) articles published in journals and almanacs, we strongly recommend the following structure of references: 1) Name of author/authors (transliterated); 2) original title of the article transliterated by Latin symbols and its English translation in square brackets [ ]; 3) original title of the source transliterated by Latin symbols and its English translation in square brackets [ ]; 4) publisher’s imprint information in English.

• In References, when indicating a city of publication in both English and Cyrillic sources, the name of the city should be given in English, while the name of the publishing house should be transliterated.

Submission Process

• Abstract Submission Deadline: January 20, 2026
• Paper Submission Deadline: May 20, 2026
• Expected Publication Date: July 2026

Please submit your abstract and a short bio (100 words) to yagunov@posteo.de with the subject line “War Criminology – [Your Name]”.

1.1. Research Context and Methodology

Ukraine’s criminal justice system in 2025 operates under extraordinary strain due to Russia’s ongoing full-scale invasion. The fourth year of war has driven profound structural shifts in crime patterns that extend well beyond statistical fluctuations.

1.2. Overview of the Reporting Period

Between January and October 2025, overall crime rates stabilized at elevated levels while the composition of offences worsened, with serious and particularly serious crimes comprising a growing share. Criminologists describe this as “criminal severity inflation” — a direct result of societal militarization, weapon proliferation, and heightened psychosocial stress. A troubling “statistical gap” has emerged between registered proceedings and cases sent to court, indicating a critical backlog of uninvestigated cases, particularly regarding war crimes.

2. Overall Crime Structure Analysis

2.1. Quantitative Data and Severity Classification

The Prosecutor General’s Office recorded 524,552 criminal offences during the first ten months of 2025. This figure, while statistically dry, reveals the true magnitude of law enforcement challenges.

The breakdown by severity reveals a concerning shift toward the most dangerous offences, with nearly three-quarters falling into serious or particularly serious categories:

The combined 74.2% share of serious and particularly serious crimes is abnormal for peacetime but typical for states experiencing intense armed conflict. This stems partly from legislative changes under martial law that elevated penalties for certain crimes (such as theft and robbery), automatically reclassifying them as serious offences. Additionally, crimes against national security and peace — inherently particularly serious — significantly inflate these statistics.

2.2. Pre-Trial Investigation Effectiveness

Analysis of pre-trial investigation outcomes reveals substantial gaps between crime registration and prosecution, with clearance rates varying by offence category and reflecting law enforcement priorities.

For crimes against life and health, investigators served suspicion notices in only 18,000 of 72,500 registered cases — a clearance rate of approximately 24.8%. This low rate likely reflects investigation difficulties in combat-adjacent areas, where evidence collection is hampered or impossible due to shelling. Cases involving missing persons and civilian casualties requiring lengthy investigations also contribute to this figure.

Conversely, crimes against Ukraine’s national security (Criminal Code Articles 109-114-2) show significantly better results. Suspects were identified in 2,056 of 4,968 registered proceedings — a 41.4% rate. This demonstrates focused, effective work by the Security Service of Ukraine and prosecutors in identifying collaborators, traitors, and spotters. The higher rate also reflects that such crimes are often documented during commission or through irrefutable digital evidence.

The overall picture reveals a systemic problem: courts cannot process the investigative caseload, while investigations are overwhelmed by registration volumes, preventing quality investigative work.

3. Military Justice: Disciplinary Crisis and Institutional Failure

Among 2025’s most critical and politically sensitive trends is the explosive growth in military criminal offences, particularly unauthorized absence from duty and desertion. This phenomenon transcends legal concerns to impact national defence capacity.

3.1. Unauthorised Absence From Military Service: Scale and Dynamics

The Prosecutor General’s Office registered over 161,000 criminal proceedings under Criminal Code Article 407 (unauthorized absence from military service) during the first ten months of 2025.

This figure is shocking both in absolute terms and growth trajectory — four times higher than the same period in 2024.

The acceleration rate illustrates the crisis depth: while 2022 averaged 6,000 annual cases, 2025 sees approximately 16,000 new desertion cases monthly. The entire 2022 year’s caseload now accumulates in less than two weeks.

These statistics point to interconnected problems:

1. Personnel psychological exhaustion: Unclear demobilization and rotation timelines demoralise even motivated service members.
2. Recruitment challenges: Mobilisation quality issues and coercive methods result in individuals neither morally nor physically prepared for service.
3. Command deficiencies: Desertion often responds to internal unit conflicts or inappropriate orders.

3.2. Procedural System Collapse

Crime registration is merely the first step. The greater problem is law enforcement agencies’ (State Bureau of Investigation, military prosecutor’s office) and courts’ inability to respond effectively to this wave. Military crime prosecution statistics reveal effective paralysis.

Of 161,461 registered proceedings, only 9,300 military personnel received formal charges—just 6% of total cases. Court referrals are even worse at approximately 5%.

This situation differs radically from early war conditions. In 2022, the court referral rate was 20% (one in five cases). The fourfold efficiency drop combined with a tenfold workload increase indicates the system has reached capacity limits. SBI investigators physically cannot conduct necessary procedural actions (interrogations, document seizures, suspicion announcements) across thousands of new monthly proceedings.

4. Economic Crime: War Adaptation

Economic crime demonstrates remarkable adaptability to martial law conditions. Criminal organizations are transforming methods, exploiting digital space vulnerabilities and citizen social insecurity.

4.1. Fraud Evolution (Criminal Code Article 190)

Fraud remains among the most common property crimes, though 2025 dynamics show some decline from previous years’ peaks.

Throughout 2022, the Prosecutor General’s Office recorded 32,000 Article 190 proceedings (with suspicions reported in 7,500 cases).

However, just the first ten months of 2025 saw 42,000 Article 190 proceedings (with suspicions reported in 10,000 cases).

This confirms war has created favourable manipulation conditions: from fake Armed Forces fundraising to housing rental schemes targeting displaced persons and fraudulent “UN aid” claims.

5. Crimes Against Public Morality: Digital Pornography

Morality-related crimes, particularly pornographic content circulation (Criminal Code Articles 301 and 301-1), show steady growth reflecting global sex industry digitalization trends.

5.1. Statistical Patterns and Structure

During the first ten months of 2025, nearly 1,522 criminal proceedings were opened under Article 301 (with suspicions reported in 1,438 cases).

5.2. Legal Paradox and High Detection Rate

This crime category exhibits phenomenally high detection rates. Suspects receive suspicion notices in 95% of cases, with 81% of proceedings successfully referred to court. This efficiency stems from documentation simplicity: digital traces, bank transactions, and test content purchases provide indisputable evidence.

6. Russian Federation War Crimes: Documenting Genocide

A separate, extensive law enforcement area involves documenting and investigating international crimes committed during Russia’s armed aggression. While excluded from traditional “peacetime” crime statistics, this category places the greatest burden on the justice system.

6.1. Documented Atrocities Scale

As of October 2025, the Prosecutor General’s Office had officially documented over 170,000 war crimes, with later updates approaching 190,000 cases. These represent systematic violations of war laws and customs (Criminal Code Article 438), including indiscriminate shelling, torture, deportation, and civilian killings.

6.2. Infrastructure and Medical Facility Attacks

A defining feature of 2025 war crimes was systematic critical infrastructure attacks. The World Health Organization documented 2,195 attacks on Ukrainian medical facilities between February 2022 and December 2024, with 459 occurring in 2024 alone. This tactic continued in 2025, aimed at creating humanitarian catastrophe. Between March and August 2025, over 100 energy infrastructure attacks occurred, causing significant generation deficits.

8. Conclusions and Forecast Scenarios

Analysis of the first ten months of 2025 yields the following conclusions:

1. Structural Crime Deformation: War has completely transformed Ukraine’s crime landscape. The predominance of serious and particularly serious crimes (74.2% of total) indicates increased criminal act danger. Rising crimes involving weapons and explosives directly result from uncontrolled weapon circulation.
2. Critical Military Justice State: Military crime investigation (offences, desertion) has reached systemic collapse. The gap between registered proceedings (over 161,000) and court referrals (5%) demonstrates the existing law enforcement model’s inability to address the military disciplinary crisis. This demands immediate approach revision: from specialised military court creation to personnel management paradigm shifts.
3. Economic Crime Adaptability: Cybercrime and fraud show high resilience, rapidly adapting to new social realities. Despite some proceeding decreases, fraud levels remain significantly above pre-war levels, requiring constant cyber countermeasure improvements.
4. Procedural Overload: Low suspect identification rates in life/health (24.8%) and property crime cases indicate investigative resources are diverted to priority areas (national security, war crimes), leaving “ordinary” crime peripheral. These risks increased latent crime and declining public law enforcement confidence.
5. International Dimension: Ukraine’s ICC integration and active international institutional cooperation are key factors in combating war crime impunity. However, the national justice system must prepare to shoulder the main investigative burden for tens of thousands of crimes beyond The Hague’s jurisdiction.

Election and Unrest

On October 29, President Samia Suluhu Hassan secured a second term with an overwhelming 97–98% of the vote, in an election widely criticized as undemocratic. Key opposition leaders, including Tundu Lissu, were barred from running and later detained on treason charges. Protests erupted across major cities such as Dar es Salaam, Arusha, and Mbeya, fueled by anger over the exclusion of opposition candidates and allegations of ballot stuffing.

Authorities responded with curfews, an internet blackout, and a heavy security presence. Witnesses and rights groups report that security forces used live ammunition and tear gas against demonstrators, resulting in widespread casualties.

Allegations of Secret Disposal

Chadema says it has documented 2,000 deaths, including more than 100 party members, and accuses police of dumping hundreds of bodies at undisclosed locations. “Most bodies are still at hospitals, and the police are stopping people from taking them away,” said Brenda Rupia, Chadema’s communications director. “The police have thrown away over 400 bodies. We don’t even know where they’ve taken them.”
Independent verification remains difficult due to the six-day internet shutdown and restrictions on media coverage. However, reports from local lawyers and human rights defenders suggest targeted killings in politically active regions, with some victims allegedly taken from their homes and executed.

International Reaction

The African Union (AU) condemned the election as failing to meet democratic standards, citing ballot stuffing, politically motivated abductions, and the internet blackout. Its observation mission concluded that the environment was “not conducive to peaceful conduct and acceptance of electoral outcomes.”
Human Rights Watch described the government’s response as “violent and repressive,” urging authorities to end the use of lethal force and ensure accountability. The organization documented reports of point-blank shootings and arbitrary killings in multiple regions.

Foreign governments, including Canada, Norway, and the UK, issued a joint statement expressing concern over “credible reports of a large number of fatalities and significant injuries.”

Government’s Position

President Hassan acknowledged “loss of life” during her inauguration but provided no figures. Officials have warned citizens against sharing images that “cause panic,” threatening treason charges for those circulating photos of bodies online.

We cordially invite all experts in the fields of criminal law, criminology, sociology, political science, and other areas and disciplines to discuss current issues related to the impact of Russian aggression on the state and society.

Date: 28 November 2025

Time: 11:00 (Kyiv time)

Format: online

Access: via the link

While Trump did not specify which incidents prompted his statement, allegations of genocide against Nigerian Christians have been circulating in some right-wing US circles in recent weeks. However, violence monitoring organizations report no evidence that Christians are being killed at higher rates than Muslims in Nigeria, a country with roughly equal populations of both faiths.

Nigerian Response

Daniel Bwala, an advisor to Nigerian President Bola Tinubu, stated that both leaders share a commitment to fighting “all forms of terrorism against humanity.” He acknowledged that any disagreements about whether violence targets Christians exclusively “or in fact all faiths and no faiths” would be addressed during an upcoming meeting between Trump and Tinubu.

President Tinubu has maintained that religious tolerance exists in Nigeria and emphasized that security challenges affect people “across faiths and regions.”

Trump’s Warning

In a Saturday social media post, Trump announced he had instructed the US Department of War to prepare for “possible action.” He threatened to send military forces into Nigeria “guns-a-blazing” unless the Nigerian government intervenes, warning that all aid to what he termed “the now disgraced country” would be terminated.

“If we attack, it will be fast, vicious, and sweet, just like the terrorist thugs attack our CHERISHED Christians!” Trump wrote.

Secretary of State for War Pete Hegseth responded to the post, confirming: “Yes sir. The Department of War is preparing for action. Either the Nigerian Government protects Christians, or we will kill the Islamic Terrorists who are committing these horrible atrocities.”

On October 31, 2025, the European police agency Europol said that an unnamed number of citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina who allegedly fought with Russian ‘private military companies’ Wagner and Redut are among the alleged perpetrators of war crimes on Ukrainian soil.

Other suspects among the total of 654 suspects identified by Europol include citizens of Ukraine, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Armenia.

“These individuals are believed to have committed war crimes such as acts of sexual violence, executions of prisoners of war and executions of civilians,” Europol said in a statement.

The European police agency said this was established by a joint operation it conducted with the Ukrainian and Moldovan police.

“Overall, the investigation led to the identification of a total of 654 members of the Russian private military companies Wagner and Redut, involved in combat operations against Ukraine,” the statement said.

During an operation with Moldova and Ukrainian police, 70 house searches were carried out in Moldova and Ukraine. Firearms and other weapons, ammunition, uniforms, insignia with symbols of paramilitary organisations and electronic equipment were seized.

Investigation Progress

Ukrainian police have successfully identified key elements of the mercenary network, including:

• Recruitment sites for Russian mercenaries
• Training bases and deployment areas
• Command structure and leadership
• Detailed circumstances of participation in hostilities

Investigators have amassed substantial evidence, including documents, video recordings, telephone data, and eyewitness testimonies that confirm war crimes such as the execution of civilians and prisoners of war, as well as the use of prohibited weapons.

Participating Agencies

The operation involves multiple law enforcement and intelligence agencies:

• Main Investigation Department of the National Police of Ukraine
• Department of Strategic Investigations
• Department of Criminal Investigation
• Department of Criminal Analysis
• Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine
• Police of the Republic of Moldova

Procedural oversight is provided by prosecutors from the Prosecutor General’s Office of Ukraine and the Prosecutor’s Office for Combating Organized Crime and Special Cases of the Republic of Moldova.

Europol coordinates the operation through its Virtual Command Post, enabling real-time information exchange, evidence sharing, and search result dissemination among all participating countries.

Evidence Seized

Authorities have confiscated significant evidence, including:

• Uniforms and chevrons bearing Wagner PMC symbols
• Mobile phones containing messenger correspondence
• Photo and video materials documenting participation in hostilities in Ukraine and the Democratic Republic of Congo
• Firearms, edged weapons, and ammunition (seized in Moldova)

Criminal Charges

Following the searches, investigators have filed eleven charges against Ukrainian citizens who defected to the enemy during martial law and participated in combat operations with Wagner and Redut PMCs against Ukrainian forces.

Charges: High treason under Part 2, Article 111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Potential Sentence: 15 years to life imprisonment with property confiscation

These individuals face immediate detention and extradition if they return to Ukraine or enter any state that recognizes Russian PMCs as terrorist organizations.

International Cooperation

Through the Department of International Police Cooperation, Europol’s SIENA channel, and Interpol, Ukrainian authorities have shared information on more than 280 foreign mercenaries who fought against Ukraine with law enforcement agencies in multiple countries, including:

• Azerbaijan
• Armenia
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Moldova
• Kazakhstan
• Uzbekistan
• Tajikistan
• Turkmenistan

In most of these jurisdictions, mercenary activity carries sentences ranging from 5 to 15 years of imprisonment, with life imprisonment possible in certain cases. These crimes fall under universal jurisdiction, allowing prosecution in any country where suspects are located.

Concrete Results

The international cooperation has already produced tangible outcomes:

January 4, 2025: A Kazakh citizen and former Wagner PMC mercenary was detained at the US-Mexico border. Ukrainian police provided American law enforcement with comprehensive evidence of his involvement with Wagner PMC, officially designated as a terrorist organization in the United States.

June 17, 2025: Finnish authorities detained an active Wagner PMC member who personally participated in assaults on Soledar and Bakhmut.

Landmark Prosecution: Ukrainian law enforcement successfully prosecuted a foreign national for the first time under Article 447 (mercenary activity) of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The Moldovan citizen participated in the capture and destruction of Bakhmut, Donetsk region, as part of Wagner PMC and received both Wagner medals and a state award from the Russian Federation.

Actions in Moldova

Investigative operations in Moldova have identified 25 Moldovan citizens who participated in Wagner PMC hostilities in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

17 citizens: Procedures underway to declare them wanted

8 citizens: Procedural documents prepared for formal notification of suspicion under Article 141, paragraph 1, of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova (mercenary participation in armed conflict or military operations aimed at overthrowing constitutional order or violating territorial integrity).

In 2023, the number of war crimes increased 246 times as compared to 2021 (62128 crimes).

In 2023, the number of crimes was mostly the same (62667 crimes). However, in 2024, the number of war crimes decreased two times as compared to the previous year.

After 2024, considering the intensification of hostilities between the Armed Forces of Ukraine and Russian aggressors, as well as the use of tactics of mass destruction of civilian infrastructure by Russians, the number of crimes against peace, security of mankind, and international legal order increased again.

Thus, in 2024, a total of 30151 crimes against peace, security of mankind, and international legal order were registered, with 872 criminal proceedings in which concrete individuals were notified of suspicion.

However, in 6 months of 2025, 22338 criminal proceedings were opened in which individuals were notified of suspicion. In 453 criminal proceedings, individuals were notified of suspicion. Accordingly, this means that in the first half of 2025, 74% of the total number of criminal proceedings opened in 2024 were registered.

In 7 months of 2025, 27174 criminal proceedings were opened in which individuals were notified of suspicion. In 494 criminal proceedings, individuals were notified of suspicion. Accordingly, this means that in seven months of 2025, 90% of the total number of criminal proceedings opened in 2024 were registered.

In 8 months of 2025, 32958 criminal proceedings were opened in which individuals were notified of suspicion. In 540 criminal proceedings, individuals were notified of suspicion. Accordingly, this means that in eight months of 2025, 109% of the total number of criminal proceedings opened in 2024 were registered.

In 9 months of 2025, 38509 criminal proceedings were opened in which individuals were notified of suspicion. In 607 criminal proceedings, individuals were notified of suspicion. Accordingly, this means that in eight months of 2025, 128% of the total number of criminal proceedings opened in 2024 were registered.